What is phase rotation?

Changing the phase by 180 degrees is the same as flipping the polarity. Polarity is either flipped or not. Phase can be anywhere in between.1

Phase rotation is helpful for getting two different sources in phase as well as making asymmetrical waveforms (see Asymmetric saturation curves) more symmetrical, which can reduce Crest factor.2 Phase rotation can also increase crest factor, as discussed in Have no fear about high-pass filtering.3

Phase rotation changes the frequency amplitudes, but not the frequency content.4

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